‘Absolute Grounds’ for Refusal of a EUTM Application
May 2018 |
EUTM |
European Union trade mark (“EUTM”) is popular amongst trademark right owners
as each EUTM can provide trade mark protection in 28 of the European Union
territories as of year 2017. |
‘Absolute Grounds’ for refusal |
Once a EUTM application is submitted, it is then reviewed by the examination
authority on formality requirements. If it is admitted on formality, it will further
be substantially examined on the admissibility for trademark registration by the
examination authority according to the Absolute Grounds for refusal.
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Under the absolute grounds for refusal, the applications are examined ex officio
by the Office (and which may take into account third parties’ observations
although third parties do not become parties to the proceedings).
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According to Article 7(1) of European Union trade mark Rules (“EUTMR”)
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The following shall not be registered:
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- (a) signs which do not conform to the requirements of Article 4;
- (b) trade marks which are devoid of any distinctive character;
- (c)trade marks which consist exclusively of signs or indications which may serve,
in trade, to designate the kind, quality, quantity, intended purpose, value,
geographical origin or the time of production of the goods or of rendering of
the service, or other characteristics of the goods or service;
- (d)trade marks which consist exclusively of signs or indications which have
become customary in the current language or in the bona fide and established
practices of the trade;
- (e)signs which consist exclusively of:
(i)the shape, or another characteristic, which results from the nature of the
goods themselves;
(ii)the shape, or another characteristic, of goods which is necessary to obtain a
technical result;
(iii)the shape, or another characteristic, which gives substantial value to the
goods;
- (f)trade marks which are contrary to public policy or to accepted principles of
morality;
- (g)trade marks which are of such a nature as to deceive the public, for instance
as to the nature, quality or geographical origin of the goods or service;
- (h)trade marks which have not been authorised by the competent authorities and
are to be refused pursuant to Article 6ter of the Paris Convention for the
Protection of Industrial Property (‘Paris Convention’);
- (i)trade marks which include badges, emblems or escutcheons other than those
covered by Article 6ter of the Paris Convention and which are of particular
public interest, unless the consent of the competent authority to their
registration has been given;
- (j)trade marks which are excluded from registration, pursuant to Union legislation
or national law or to international agreements to which the Union or the
Member State concerned is party, providing for protection of designations of
origin and geographical indications;
- (k)trade marks which are excluded from registration pursuant to Union legislation
or international agreements to which the Union is party, providing for
protection of traditional terms for wine;
- (l)trade marks which are excluded from registration pursuant to Union legislation
or international agreements to which the Union is party, providing for
protection of traditional specialities guaranteed;
- (m)trade marks which consist of, or reproduce in their essential elements, an
earlier plant variety denomination registered in accordance with Union
legislation or national law, or international agreements to which the Union or
the Member State concerned is a party, providing for protection of plant
variety rights, and which are in respect of plant varieties of the same or
closely related species.
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EUTM publication
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Once the EUTM application is approved on the absolute grounds, it will be
published in the EUTM Bulletin for opposition for a period of 3 months. If no
opposition is filed, the application will be registered. The three-month period of
opposition cannot be extended.
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The following is a brief diagram illustrating the typical steps in HK trademark opposition for further reference. |
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